A joint CzechGerman Historical Commission determined that between 15,000 and 30,000 Germans perished in the expulsions. World War 2 was the bloodiest conflict in human history. Losses by branch of service: Army 201,405; Navy 22,034; Air Force 9,096; Colonial Forces 354; Chaplains 91; Fascist militia The Japanese interned 105,530 Dutch civilians in the East Indies, of whom 13,567 died. German government figures of war losses do not include the increase in natural deaths with war casualties. Hitler survived to wreak a terrible vengeance on at least 2,000 army officers (including Rommel) and launch a desperate counter-attack on the Western Front in December 1944, now known as the 'Battle of the Bulge'. Because of the massive logistical obstacles a cross-channel invasion would face, the Allied high command decided to conduct a practice attack against the French coast. e The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers against the Soviet Union (USSR), Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe ( Baltics ), and Southeast Europe ( Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945. 3133. Toward Peace: War Responsibility, Postwar Compensation, and Peace Movements and Education in Japan. [393][394][395][396][397][398][399][400][401][402], German government figures of 2.0 to 2.5million civilian deaths due to expulsions have been disputed by scholars since the publication of the results of the German church search service survey and the report by the German Federal Archive. [195][196], The following figures are from The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust, the authors maintain that "statistics on Gypsy losses are especially unreliable and controversial. In 2006, Christoph Bergner, Secretary of State in, A 2005 report by the German government search service put the death toll at 2,251,500, they did not provide details of the figure. Lennart Lundberg Handelsflottan under andra vrldskriget, p. 9. [246] Since 1990 Russian scholars have been given access to the Soviet-era archives and have published data on the numbers of people executed and those who died in Gulag labor camps and prisons. In addition 2,000 Danish volunteers were killed serving in the German military. Central Pacific: 95,800, 151,400, (247,200) More than half of the total number of casualties are accounted for by the dead of the Republic of China and of the Soviet Union. This page was last edited on 21 December 2022, at 04:17. Manchuria & USSR 7,483 killed and 4,641 wounded. Toward Peace: War Responsibility, Postwar Compensation, and Peace Movements and Education in Japan. German casualties based on statistics collected during the war included 27,074 KIA, 18,384 MIA and 111,034 WIA. To this must be added the 263,000655,000 who died, giving a rough total of 8 million German soldiers having served on the Western Front in 19441945. Military deaths 6,750 which included 3,900 regular Army, 2,600 Navy forces, and 250 POW in Germany. Advancing from northern Italy, the British Eighth Army[a] pushed to the borders of Yugoslavia to defeat the remaining Wehrmacht elements there. An estimated total of 7085 million people perished, or about 3% of the 2.3 billion (est.) Total casualties were 668,315 including 299,485 dead, 24,010 missing and 344,820 injured. The official U.S. report listed 1 U.S. civilian killed during the, Six U.S. civilians were killed in Oregon in May 1945 by Japanese. 5354, Naselenie Rossii v XX Veke: V 3-kh Tomakh: Tom2. . The bulk of the Allied armies were occupied in the Mediterranean, seeking to clear the sea lanes to the Indian Ocean and capture the Foggia Airfield Complex. Some 16,000 Austrians were killed in prison, while over 67,000 Austrian Jews were deported to death camps, only 2,000 of them lived to see the end of the war. Germany reports. While the Western Front remained quiet in April 1940, the fighting between the Allies and the Germans began in earnest with the Norwegian Campaign when the Germans launched Operation Weserbung, the German invasion of Denmark and Norway. Military figures include battle deaths (KIA) and personnel missing in action (MIA), as well as fatalities due to accidents, disease and deaths of prisoners of war in captivity. WW1 started on July 28th 1914 and ended on November 11th 1918 and it lasted 1567 days. British forces captured Bremen on 26 April after a week of combat. Fighting on the Western Front was preceded by the Phony War. Wojciech Materski and Tomasz Szarota. The additions were the annexation of the, Estimates in the west for the population transfers differ. The Allies had been arguing about whether to advance on a broad-front or a narrow-front from before D-Day. The tables below give a detailed country-by-country count of human losses. With an introd. These figures include Austria and foreign nationals of German ancestry in eastern Europe. Heike Liebau et al., World in World Wars: Experiences, Perceptions, and Perspectives from Africa and Asia. The next few months in the war were marked by the Phoney War. Merchant Mariners killed in World War II are listed by USMM.org. During World War II, the Western Front was the theater of fighting west of Germany, encompassing the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Denmark. Java: 2,700, 3,800, (6,500) The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Italy [citation needed], and Germany. 4, Prague p. 57, Urlanis, Boris (1971). The West German government put the number of Germans killed by the Nazi political, racial and religious persecution at 300,000 (including 170,000 German Jews). Austrian civilian casualties were 99,700 victims of Nazi persecution and 24,000 killed in Allied air raids. Bericht des Bundesarchivs vom 28. WWII: Western Front Worksheets . Merchant Navy (530); British Home Guard (0) and Civilians (0). According to the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare Japanese war dead (193745) totaled 3.1million persons including 2.3million soldiers and Army/Navy civilian employees, 500,000 civilians in Japan and 300,000 civilians living outside of Japan. ), Mnchen: Piper 1989, S. 858873, Ufficio Storico dello Stato Maggiore dell'Esercito. 2, 2003, 300309 (26.6million), Lennart Lundberg Handelsflottan under andra vrldskriget p.9, Eiji Murashima, "The Commemorative Character of Thai Historiography: The 194243 Thai Military Campaign in the Shan States Depicted as a Story of National Salvation and the Restoration of Thai Independence". Burma (inc. India): 163,000, 1,500, (164,500) 1939 German Soldiers Help Thresh Wheat On France'S Western Front Ww2 Photo 7X9 . The U.S. Bureau of the Census noted that the official Yugoslav government figure of 1.7million war dead was overstated because it "was released soon after the war and was estimated without the benefit of a postwar census". Combat Dead by Theater of war: EuropeAtlantic 183,588 (Army ground forces 141,088, Army Air Forces 36,461, and Navy/Coast Guard 6,039); AsiaPacific 108,504 (Army ground forces 41,592, Army Air Forces 15,694, Navy/Coast Guard 31,485, Marine Corps 19,733); unidentified theaters 39 (Army). [254] Michael Haynes and Rumy Husun accept the figures from the Soviet archives as being an accurate tally of Stalin's victims, they maintain that the demographic data depicts an underdeveloped Soviet economy and the losses in World War Two rather than indicating a higher death toll in the Gulag labor camps. The West German government did not list euthanasia victims along with the war dead. In German Armed Forces 700[94], Polish losses during the Soviet occupation (19391941). Estimated civilian deaths range from about 14 to 17 million. In turn, it commanded three groups: the Wehrmacht Netherlands Command (Wehrmachtbefehlshaber Niederlande) or WBN, covering the Dutch and Belgian coasts and Army Group B, covering the coast of northern France with the German 15th Army (HQ in Tourcoing), in the area north of the Seine; the 7th Army, (HQ in Le Mans), between the Seine and the Loire defending the English Channel and the Atlantic coast, and Army Group G with responsibility for the Bay of Biscay coast and Vichy France, with its 1st Army, (HQ in Bordeaux), responsible for the Atlantic coast between the Loire and the Spanish border and the 19th Army, (HQ in Avignon), responsible for the Mediterranean coast. Total deaths from 1940 to 1953 due to the war and the Soviet occupation were approximately 83,000 persons (7.3% of the population). 2-These statistics include casualties of the volunteer forces from the Soviet Union. [261] Really, it is! 1939 WWII Era France Soldiers in Observation Post . Some auxiliary and civilian organizations are also accorded war grave status if death occurred under certain specified conditions. ), Independent Russian historian Vadim Erlikman estimated Lithuanian civilian war dead in 194145 at 345,000 (25,000 in military operations; 230,000 executed, 15,000 in Germany and 75,000 due to hunger and disease. The chance of an amphibious landing necessitated the substantial dispersal of the German mobile reserves, which contained the majority of their panzer troops. German efforts to interdict the Allies' trans-Atlantic trade at sea ignited the Battle of the Atlantic. I believe that it was just as bad for Russians taken prisoners by the Germans on the Eastern front. Solomon Islands: 63,200, 25,000, (88,200) Since casualty statistics are sometimes disputed the footnotes to this article present the different estimates by official governmental sources as well as historians. 3,700 Dutch nationals in the German armed forces and 7,500 missing and presumed dead in Germany and 16,000 deaths [39], The US 12th Army Group fanned out, and the First Army went north as the southern pincer of the Ruhr encirclement. Archivalien und ausgewhlte Erlebnisberichte. The death toll attributable to the flight and expulsions was estimated at 2.2million by the West German government in 1958. Historians often put forward many different estimates of the numbers killed and wounded during World War II. Mexico lost 7 merchant ships and 63 dead merchant mariners. [6] Historian Rdiger Overmans of the Military History Research Office (Germany) published a study in 2000 that estimated the German military dead and missing at 5.3 million, including 900,000 men conscripted from outside of Germany's 1937 borders, in Austria, and in east-central Europe. Military Losses by theatre of war: Italy 74,725 (37,573 post armistice); France 2,060 (1,039 post armistice); Okinawa: 67,900, 21,500, (89,400) [147] According to Yad Vashem, "During their four years in power, the Ustasa carried out a Serb genocide, exterminating over 500,000, expelling 250,000 and forcing another 200,000 to convert to Catholicism. The preliminary data for Australian losses included 23,365 killed, 6,030 missing, 39,803 wounded, and 26,363 POWs. [601] Serbian sources currently claim that 700,000 persons were murdered at Jasenovac. On 19 August, the French Resistance (FFI) organised a general uprising and the liberation of Paris took place on 25 August when general Dietrich von Choltitz accepted the French ultimatum and surrendered to general Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque, commander of the Free French 2nd Armored Division, ignoring orders from Hitler that Paris should be held to the last and destroyed. Wiesbaden, Distribution: F. Steiner, 1961 pp. Forced laborers in Southeast Asia: 70,000, 30,000 interned non-Asian civilians, The number killed in action was 2,303,320; died of wounds, disease or accidents 500,165; 11,000 sentenced to death by court martial; 2,007,571. [38] British and Canadian paratroopers reached the Baltic city of Wismar just ahead of Soviet forces on 2 May. With regards to the Partisan casualties, a ministerial study published in 1955 listed the partisans killed or executed as 35,828; however, the, With regards to the Italian Social Republic casualties, the. 3568. Mentally and Physically Handicapped: Victims of the Nazi Era", Bundesarchiv: Euthanasie-Verbrechen 19391945, "United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Holocaust Encyclopedia "How many Catholics were killed during the Holocaust? I. C. B. Dear and M. R. D. Foot Oxford Companion to World WarII Oxford, 2005; Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960 Bonn 1961 p.78 (available online at. Missing and presumed dead(including POWs) were 131,419 (111,579 pre-armistice, 19,840 post armistice)[446] With the Luftwaffe unable to defeat the RAF in the Battle of Britain, the invasion of Great Britain could no longer be thought of as an option. vs. Australia 199,511 killed and 15,000 wounded. The most notable of these is the Holocaust in which millions of Jews, Poles, and Romani were systematically murdered or died from abuse and mistreatment. ), The British colony of Malaya consisted of the. French aircraft losses were 560. 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