Some scholars believe Josephus exaggerated the Zealots to keep the peace, blaming the war on a small Jewish sect and some bad Roman leaders. We begin with perhaps the most well-known of Jesus apostles, and that would be Peter. Jesus saw this coming when He said, Truly, truly, I say to you, when you were young, you used to dress yourself and walk wherever you wanted, but when you are old, you will stretch out your hands, and another will dress you and carry you where you do not want to go. (This he said to show by what kind of death he was to glorify God.) Ancient. Quick Answer: How Old Was The Apostle Paul When He Became A Christian? Nearly every image of him depicts him wearing a medallion with a profile of Jesus. Simon the Zealot was one of Jesus' disciples. And in the sixteenth century, Justus Lipsius recorded that he was sawed in half. Simon was born in Galilee, which was part of Roman-occupied Israel at the time. Even though theBook of Actsand the epistles never describe Simon the Zealots ministry, as one of the Twelve, he wouldve been one of the most important leaders of the early church. Often asked: Apostle Who Wemt To Mountain To See Mary? He was believed to have been thrown some 100 feet off a wall. His books are include: Teaching Children The Gospel/How to Raise Godly Children, Do Babies Go To Heaven?/Why Does God Allow Suffering?, "The Great Omission; Reaching the Lost for Christ," and Blind Chance or Intelligent Design?, Empirical Methodologies & the Bible.". Simon the Zealot Also Known as: Simon the Cananaean; Simon the Canaanite; Simon Zelotes. Most scholars today believekananaioscomes from the Aramaic wordqanan, meaning zealous one, which effectively makes Simons moniker the same in Matthew, Mark, Luke, and Acts. Jesus teachings (such as turning the other cheek and loving your enemies) were often the complete opposite of the ideology the Zealots embraced. God loves each of us as if there were only one of us"- Augustine. But the Lord stood at my side and gave me strength, so that through me the message might be fully proclaimed and all the Gentiles might hear it. Accessed 8/08/2013. Tradition also claims he died peacefully at Edessa. You follow Me. Then this saying went out among the brethren that this disciple would not die. 1- Simon (who is called Peter) A second-century apocryphal text called Acts of Peter claimed that Peter was crucified upside down, at his request for he didn't feel worthy to die as Jesus did. [1] The fact that he was in Greece may mean that he was participating in the Great Commission and taking the gospel to the whole worldat least the known world. A party called Zealots were famous in the war of the Jews against the Romans. Simon of Cyrene (Hebrew: , Standard Hebrew imon, Tiberian Hebrew imn; Greek: , Simn Kyrnaios; died 100) was the man compelled by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus of Nazareth as Jesus was taken to his crucifixion, according to all three Synoptic Gospels. Jack has written 1277 articles on What Christians Want To Know! We have studied James, the brother of John, an apostle that was among our Lord's closest disciples. Saint Matthias from the workshop of Simone Martini, c. AD 80 Jerusalem, Judaea or in Colchis (modern-day Georgia). 2010 3 May. I have fought the good fight, I have finished the race, I have kept the faith. This would end the rage and cause death, and thus be much more lethal than lethal damage. The name Judas the Zealot ( Judas Zelotes) is mentioned in the Epistle of the Apostles (Epistula Apostolorum), written in the 2nd century. Yet further investigation into his life and political associations reveals that Josephus himself was one of the traditional aristocratic leaders who controlled Judea and Galilee prior to the Zealot insurrection. One thing is sure that all the disciples suffered greatly for their witness and in most cases met cruel deaths (see also What happened to the 12 disciples after the ascension of Christ?). Eleazar ben Simon and his Zealots' radical anti-Roman policies and eradication of the moderate temple aristocracy from Jerusalem in 67 CE also prevented any peaceful agreement with Rome to avoid the death and destruction which ensued in 70 CE. However he was imprisoned on the island of Patmos where he wrote the Book of Revelation. Heres How to Know, Living a Life of Purpose and Meaning: Insights From the Bible, How Your Trials And Troubles Are Good For You, A Bible Study and Commentary on Romans Chapter Two, Christ Has a Unique Kingdom Life for Each Believer, 10 Inspirational Bible Verses to Start the New Year, Ice Dragon: Legend of the Blue Daisies Movie Review, Phoenix Wilder And The Great Elephant Adventure Movie Review, The Boxcar Children: Surprise Island Movie Review. This mistake led to the idea that Simon was present at the wedding in Cana in John 2, where Jesus performed his first miracle and turned water into wine,andthat he was the same person as Simon, the brother of Jesus (Matthew 13:55). There were many Magi in Persia and so the chances that it would be the same ones who sought Jesus were the same ones who crucified Jude is highly unlikely. May it not be held against them. Or even zealous for Jesus and his teachings. Feast Day: October 28th. Ancient writers tell us that he preached the Gospel in Judea, Samaria, Idumaea, Syria, Mesopotamia, and Lybia. Sadly, most agree that he was basically flayed to death by whip, where he was literally torn to shreds. He died after being crucified in Jerusalem during the First Revolt against Rome (also known as the Great Revolt). St. Jude, known as Thaddaeus, was a brother of St. James the Lesser, and a relative of Jesus. Both Peter and Andrew were fisher partners of the sons of Zebedee. What happened to the disciples after Jesus died? Finklestein, Louis, William Horbury, William David Davies, and John Sturdy. Probably Christ Himself must have told him and he was preparing Timothy to take over for him. Even so, I thought he should be mentioned. He had James, the brother of John, put to death with the sword (Acts 12:12). We will now examine the historical evidence of how these men died. The word translated "Canaanite" is of Hebrew origin and means "zealot". When Jesus cleanses the temple in the Gospel of John, his disciples recallPsalm 69:10, implying that Jesus was motivated by zeal: His disciples remembered that it is written: Zeal for your house will consume me.. After his resurrection, Jesus sent eleven of them (minus Judas Iscariot, who by then had died ) by the Great Commission to spread his teachings to all nations. He was one of the 12 main disciples of Jesus Christ, but he plays no particular role in the gospels and is only mentioned by name in lists of the apostles (Matthew 10:2-4,Mark 3:16-19,Luke 6:14-16,Acts 1:1-13). Historical evidence of Eleazar arises in 66 CE, when he participated in crushing Cestius Gallus' Legio XII Fulminata at Beit-Horon. John desperately needed Eleazar's funds to supply his followers, and Eleazar required the protection of John's large entourage to fend off Ananus. Richard T. Ritenbaugh Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. His zeal once focused in the right direction must have made him stay on the straight and narrow path, although it did require new learning on his part! It is unlikely that the Magi mentioned in the New Testament who were searching for the child King, Jesus, and the ones who crucified Jude were one and the same. St. Simon (Commonly Called the Zealot) John Kitto. We think of Jesus' disciple, Simon "the Zealot" or "Canaanite", and of Josephus's account of Judas the Galilean in 6 CE apparently responsible for what became the Zealot party and a widespread "nationalist" movement against Roman rule. King Herod wanted to please the Jews by killing him (Acts 12:3). If you like what you're reading, you can get free daily updates through the RSS feed here. And I was delivered from the lions mouth. Apparently Jude was in Persia on a missionary trip. Although its worth noting, in theTalmud, Jewish rabbis advocated for peace as well, and the Zealots ignored them. Most historians, both secular and church, say that he was beheaded. Simon was transformed by the Jesus and his message. Previous post: 10 Arguments for the Existence of God, Next post: 20 Bible Verses About Success: Study From Scripture. All Rights Reserved. Generally speaking, a zealot is anyone who fervently supports a particular cause. Simon the Zealot is one of the most obscure apostles. This faith in the Zealot cause attracted many Jews to help fight against Rome, which resulted in vast casualties. The circumstances of Saint Patrick's death are understandably a little muddy. Like many of the Zealots, it is probable Simon had initially followed Jesus for political reasons . Regardless of whether the prophecy was about Matthias, he was apparently stoned and then beheaded late in the 1st century. And he had a double name; he was said Simon Zelotes, and Simon Cananean of Cana a street that is in Galilee, there whereas our Lord converted the water into wine.. The word we translate as apostle (apstolos) literally means one who is sent.. The following Simons and Simeons are found in the New Testament: Simon Peter, better known as Saint Peter, also known as Peter the Apostle, Cephas, and Simon bar Jonah ( Simon son of Jonah), foremost disciple of Jesus (Matthew 4:18ff). simon the zealot cause of death. On the various New Testament lists of the Twelve Apostles ( Matthew 10:2-4; Mark 3:16-19; Luke 6:14-16; Acts 1:13), the tenth and eleventh places are occupied by Simon the Zealot (also called Simon the "Cananean," the Aramaic word meaning "Zealot") and by Judas of James, also called Thaddaeus or Lebbaeus. In the midst of his pain as he hangs on the cross, unjustly accused, sentenced, and condemned to death, he does not cry out curses and abuse on his tormentors, as do the dying "lestai." The Bible lists the names of the twelve disciples in Matthew 10:24, Mark 3:1619 and Luke 6:1316. It is not fair to call Judas Iscariot an apostle since he was never truly converted or commissioned by Jesus. What terrible destruction we can cause when we proudly act on our private interpretations of Scripture! We know little about him other than his name. I have fought the good fight, I have finished the race, I have kept the faith. Professor David Rhoades elaborates inThe Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary: Judas and his followers opposed Jews who cooperated with the census, for they considered cooperation with Caesar to be an idolatrous transgression of the First Commandment to have no other lords before me. Judas small and unsuccessful revolt was carried out in the belief that if the Jews were faithful to the covenant, God would honor their cause by bringing victory in the struggle against Rome. Simonmayhave been a member of a rebellious group that was prone to violence. You still must make death saving throws, and you suffer the normal effects of taking damage while at 0 hit points. Sts. The moniker the Zealot comes from the Greek wordzlts, which theApostle Lukeused in bothhis gospeland Acts to distinguish this Simon from Simon Peter. Since an "Eleazar, son of Simon" and an "Eleasar, son of Ya'ir" are introduced separately with their patrimonial name, Josephus intends to distinguish the two leaders as separate persons. (Arabic) (Hindi). Some scholars believe that Eleazar's victory at Beit-Horon imbued the Jewish people with a false sense of hope for liberation from Rome. The Acts of Philip document gives an account of his martyrdom. After John was arrested by Herod the Great, Simon joined the Twelve Apostles of Jesus and informed them of John's arrest. They were casting a net into the lake, for they were fishermen. Although Titus Flavius, the son of Emperor Vespasian, and his army were nearing Jerusalem, Eleazar and the other two leaders did not unite to prepare for the attack and were severely weakened by 70 CE. Simon the apostle facts have shown that Simon the Zealot is one of the greatest causes of the changing power of Christ. Simon the Cananaean was also called Simon the Zealot. The Roman procurators also subjugated the Jewish High Priesthood, appointing pro-Roman Jews to positions of authority, and desecrated sacred Jewish practices with sacrilegious pagan rituals. Accounts. Why were the books of Kings included in the Bible. Matthew, Mark, and Luke all refer to him as Simon the Zealot (Zelotes in KJV). As we mentioned earlier, Rhoades argues that Josephus work makes it clear that there was no formal group called the Zealots until about 68 AD. It was there that he was staked or impaled to the earth by spears and then beheaded. Matthew, like most of the apostles late in their lives, became a missionary and was arrested in Ethiopia. . The title Zealot tells us much about Simon. One day Simon saw Jesus walking on water toward him; he thought Jesus must be an angel so he asked him to do what Simon had asked God to do for him earlier that dayto rescue him from drowningand Jesus obliged by telling Simon to get into his boat (Matthew 14:28-30). Synonyms for Zealot in Free Thesaurus. When Simon joined the apostles, he was thirty years of age. Because Gods holiness will not tolerate idolatry or other violations against the covenant (Exod 20:5;Deut 5:9), God will punish the whole nation for such offenses unless someone acts on behalf of Godzealous with Gods jealous angerto kill or root out the offenders.. St. Jude is the patron saint of hopeless causes. This page was last edited on 17 March 2022, at 20:12. All that is known about his death is that he was also was crucified. Simon the Zealot was one of the twelve disciples of Jesus. The apostle Simon is not Simon Peter (Andrew's brother) but Simon the Zealot. Also, consider one of Jesus' other disciples was a tax collector. One tradition is that he first preached in Egypt, before joining Jude and travelling to Persia, where both were martyred. So whowasthis person the Bible calls Simon the Zealot, and what do we actually know about him? Although the Jewish defeat at Jerusalem cannot be entirely attributed to Eleazar ben Simon, his inability to establish unity with John of Gischala and Simon bar Giora resulted in a bitter civil war that weakened the Jewish resistance against Rome. Quick Answer: What Apostle Began The Greek Church? The Lord will rescue me from every evil attack and will bring me safely to his heavenly kingdom. However, the New Testament records the death of only two of the apostles Judas Iscariot and James the son of Zebedee. Eleazar took the legion's equipment and movable wealth, returning to Jerusalem with substantial loot. From the onset of the war in 66 CE until the destruction of the temple in 70 CE, he fought vehemently against the Roman garrisons in Judea and against his fellow Jewish political opponents in order to establish an independent Jewish state at . He was married, had three children, and lived at Bethsaida, near Capernaum. Listen to the heartbreaking last words of Paul as he awaited his execution in 2 Timothy 4:16-18: At my first defense, no one came to my support, but everyone deserted me. Feast Day: October 28 ST. SIMON is surnamed the Cananaean or Canaanite, and the Zealot, to distinguish him from St. Peter, and from St. Simeon, the brother of St. James the Less, and his successor in the see of Jerusalem. The period of early Christianity during the lifetimes of the apostles is called the Apostolic Age. The Bible reveals nothing significant about this apostle. Hammond and Grotius think that St. Simon was called the Zealot, before his coming to Christ, because he was one of that particular sect or party among the Jews called Zealots, from a singular zeal they possessed for the honour of God and the purity of religion. In his commentary on Matthew, Jerome mistakenly interpretedkananaiosas an indicator that Simon was from Cana, which led to other errors: He was surnamed Peter to distinguish him from another Simon who is called the Cananean, from the village of Cana of Galilee, where the Lord turned water into wine.. In this history of the Jewish revolt, Josephus portrays Eleazar ben Simon as a murderous and impulsive Zealot who regarded his own personal ambitions above the well-being of the Jewish people. A party called Zealots were famous in the war of the Jews against the Romans. [1], Although the First JewishRoman War was doomed to fail against a seemingly insurmountable Roman Empire, the monumental death and destruction from 66 to 70 CE could have been avoided. Also, the Ethiopian Christians claim he was crucified in Samaria. When he surrendered to Vespasian, he claimed Jewish messianic prophecies were about Vespasian becoming the emperor of Rome, and lo and behold Vespasian decided to let him live, taking him on as a slave. PETA, Greenpeace, and NOW might all be considered organizations that are filled with zealots. Its unclear when the group formally became known as the Zealots. We remember him October 28 in Roman Church, andJune 19 in Eastern Church. There are so few historical facts that are available beyond this account that we cannot add much to this and do so with absolute certainty. Judas the Betrayer. Simon as a Member of the Zealot Party . This Simon was also named "the Canaanite" ( Matthew 10:4 Mark 3:18 the King James Version) or "the Cananean" ( Matthew 10:4 Mark 3:18 the Revised Version (British and American)) or "Zelotes" ( Luke . It records that he led a proconsuls wife to the Lord. Simon the Zealot (died 65 AD) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Contrary to the radical anti-Roman agenda of the Zealots, Ananus and the other moderate leaders of Jerusalem wished to stabilize the conflict and reach equilibrium with Rome. as members of a sect called the Zealots.. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 20 Bible Verses About Success: Study From Scripture, 25 Encouraging Bible Verses About Strength, Words of Encouragement: 30 Uplifting Quotes, Are You a Disciple of Christ? From the first of these surnames some have thought that St. Simon was bom at Cana, in Galilee. The final conversion of the Armenian nation to Christianity did not take place until the third century A.D. St. Jude was the one who asked Jesus at the Last Supper why He would not manifest Himself to the whole world after His resurrection. All rights reserved worldwide. Repent today, confess your sins, see your need for a Savior and put your trust in Jesus Christ and you too will be part of that which is being built today by God and which has as its foundation, the saints of God, the apostles and the Chief Cornerstone, Jesus Christ. With complete control over the city, Eleazar and John exploited their power and slaughtered the remnants of Ananus' moderate party in Jerusalem in a misguided attempt to unite the city. His relics reside at Saint Peter's in Rome, at Rheims, and at Toulouse, France. It is believed that while he hung on that cross and was dying, he called to the crowds and taught them about Jesus Christ and how they might be saved, thus he was sharing the gospel up until the very time of his death on the x-shaped crossbeing loyal to the very end. There are also two versions of his death: that he was crucified in Edessa, Turkey, or clubbed to death. And after saying this he said to him, Follow me. (John 21:18-19). He was a Zealot for much of his life, which meant he was extremely legalistic and held a deep-set hatred towards the Romans and any who had dealings with them. It is not fair to call Judas Iscariot an apostle since he was never truly converted or commissioned by . The example of Simon the Zealot reminds us of three things. Peter was a Jewish fisherman in Bethsaida (John 1:44). FAQ: Where Was The Apostle Paul In Prison In Rome? With his Legio XII Fulminata of 5,000 men, Cestius Gallus was ambushed and defeated at Beit-Horon in 66 CE by 2,400 Zealots led by Eleazar ben Simon. At the onset of the war, John of Gischala, Eleazar's future ally, disobeyed Josephus' orders not to attack a Roman granary, thus sparking a bitter hatred between the two leaders. Each of these Simons is clearly distinct, and Simon the Apostle isalwaysreferred to with the moniker the Zealot.. James the Less was martyred in a fashion similar to James, the half-brother of Jesus, who was thrown from the pinnacle of the temple and then beaten to death. Scholars generally believe he was killed in Jerusalem in 44 AD. But heres what we know. Foxes Book of Martyrs claims that in India, He was at length cruelly beaten and then crucified by the impatient idolaters.. Read them in the archive below. Yet prior to this encounter, little is known about his early life and rise to power. Provoked by Roman oppression and inflamed by his own political ambitions, Eleazar ben Simon dedicated his life to the Zealot cause to establish an independent Judea. Luke replaces the name Thaddeus with Judas son of James (Luke 6:16 and Acts 1:13). Other scholars disagree. Amen. How heartbreaking. In the context of the New Testament, the Zealots were a party zealous for Jewish independence and throwing off Roman rule. While there are some variations in the order the apostles appear and even the names they went by, Simon is listed in all of them. Bible Based. There are nine people named Simon in the New Testament. He is usually identified with the Apostle Simon the Zealot, with whom he shares a surname, or with the Apostle Jude. 10:4; Mark 3:18; and Luke 6:15).Readers find him again in the book of Acts (1:13) after the death of Jesus and his ascension to heaven where Simon and his fellow apostles gathered together to elect a replacement for . His death sentence was meted out by the Roman Emperor Catus Decianus during his execution in May 61 AD at Caistor, modern-day Lincolnshire . The Golden Legend says he was martyred in Persia in 65 AD. What can we learn from what the Bible says about James the apostle. But the group known as the Zealots may not have existed at the time the gospels took placepossibly not even when they were written. [1] He was impaled by iron hooks in his ankles and hung upside down to die. He died early in the church history while the New Testament was still being compiled. . Some contend that he died as late as 493 AD when he was more than 100 years old. Here, he was supposedly martyred by being cut in half with a saw, a tool he is often depicted with. Christian Truth. There are several explanations for why he is called "less." Second Timothy was the last letter ever written by Paul and in it he knew that the time of his death drew near as he wrote to Timothy For I am already being poured out like a drink offering, and the time for my departure is near. Most of what we know about the other apostles deaths is derived from old Christian authors and church tradition which cant be confirmed. Not much is known from the Bible about Simon, other than before he had left everything to follow Jesus, Simon was a member of the. The knowledge of Peters death is widespread among secular and church historians. Join in praying the St. Simon Novena. Simon the Zealot ( Acts 1:13, Luke 6:15) or Simon the Canaanite or Simon the Canaanean ( Matthew 10:4, Mark 3:18; Greek: ; Coptic: -; Classical Syriac: ) [3] was one of the most obscure among the apostles of Jesus. Apostolic Identity. This year was marked by bitter civil war between the three factions under Simon, John, and Eleazar. Therefore, he is the patron of desperate situations, forgotten causes, hospital workers, hospitals, impossible causes, lost causes, and the diocese of Saint Petersburg, Florida. It can be inferred, however, from the geopolitical scene of ancient Israel in the first century CE. Like most of the other apostles, Simon the Zealot deserted Jesus during his trial and crucifixion. Besides, zealousness is a quality that frequently comes up in Scripture, so it could have easily been a description of a positive quality Simon possessed, rather than a sect he belonged toespecially if that group wasnt known by that name at the time. In Foxes Book of Martyrs, it is recorded about Matthew: The scene of his labors was Parthia, and Ethiopia, in which latter country he suffered martyrdom, being slain with a halberd in the city of Nadabah, A.D. 60., Hippolytus, a theologian who lived in the second and third centuries, recorded about James death: And James the son of Alphaeus, when preaching in Jerusalem was stoned to death by the Jews, and was buried there beside the temple.. There, he died a natural death as an old man. Western tradition is that he preached in Egypt and then went to Persia with St. Jude, where both suffered martyrdom. Jesus later commissioned them and sent them out to proclaim the gospel. Zealous defenders of the Law and of the national life of the Jewish people; name of a party opposing with relentless rigor any attempt to bring Judea under the dominion of idolatrous Rome, and especially of the aggressive and fanatical war party from the time of Herod until the fall of Jerusalem and Masada. Saint Bartholomew lived in the first century AD and was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ. Tagged as: The Bible says that he betrayed Jesus and then being consumed with worldly guilt went out to hang himself (Matthew 27:3-8). He used the wealth acquired in this decisive victory as political leverage during the battle for power in Jerusalem in 67-69 CE. Given that details of Simon are so spare, I will address a couple of issues related to Simon's zeal. 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Martyred by being cut in half with a profile of Jesus we learn from what the Bible known his... Sword ( Acts 12:3 ) leverage during the battle for power in Jerusalem in 67-69.. The island of Patmos where he was beheaded RSS feed here bitter civil war the. 1 ] he was married, had three children, and a relative of Jesus relative! Through the RSS feed here believe that Eleazar 's victory at Beit-Horon imbued Jewish. Zealots May not have existed at the time the gospels took placepossibly not even when they were.! Not fair to call Judas Iscariot an apostle since he was imprisoned on the island of Patmos where was! Hung upside down to die even when they were casting a net into the lake, for they were.! The most obscure apostles edited on 17 March 2022, at 20:12 Emperor! Well, and lived at Bethsaida, near Capernaum in Jerusalem in 67-69 CE reside at Peter. Had James, the Ethiopian Christians claim he was literally torn to shreds and will me.
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